The project will explore the drivers behind past energy technology innovations and conditions necessary for future energy innovation. This includes examining the role of market forces such as consumer demand for new technologies, the role of supply-side research and development, and the role of government policies in creating an environment that encourages innovation in the creation, distribution, and use of energy. The research projects generated by the project will help to inform policy-makers seeking to encourage increased innovation in the energy sphere. Additionally, the project aims to create a community of economic researchers with expertise related to energy innovation, and thereby generate additional collaborations moving forward.