Man vs. Machine: Technological Promise and Political Limits of Automated Regulation Enforcement

We thank Valentina Bosetti, Stefano Caria, Tatyana Deryugina, Clement Imbert, Koichiro Ito, Eliana La Ferrara, Ashley Langer, Leslie Martin, Erica Meyers, Louis Preonas, and participants at TWEEDS, Midwest Energy Fest, AERE, AFE, ASSA-AERE, EEAESEM, BSE Insights Workshop, 13th Conference on the Economics of Energy and Climate, and seminars at Bocconi University, Bologna University, University of Roma Tor Vergata, and NYU Wagner School of Public Service. Iris Song, Jackson Reimer, Aditya Jain, Leon Beaufils, Monica Kim, and Tejomay Gadgil provided excellent research assistance. Our partners in Fresno provided endless support in implementing the experiment. We are grateful to the Laura and John Arnold Foundation and the Smith Richardson Foundation for their generous research support. This experiment was pre-registered on June 14th, 2018 on the Open Science Framework Preregistry with DOI: ”10.17605/OSF.IO/XYFU3” and in the AEA RCT Registry with DOI: ”10.1257/rct.8290-1.0”. All remaining errors are our own. We obtained IRB approval from the University of Chicago. The City of Fresno had the right to review the article before publication, and provided minimal clarifying comments, which we incorporated. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the City of Fresno or the National Bureau of Economic Research.