The Excess Sensitivity of Layoffs and Quits to Demand
Excessive layoffs in bad times and excessive quits in good times both stem from the same weakness in practical employment arrangements: the specific nature of worker-firm relations creates a situation of bilateral monopoly. Institutions which have arisen to avert the associated inefficiency cannot mimic the separation decisions of a perfect-information, first-best allocation rule. Simple employment rules based on predetermined or indexed wages are in many cases the most desirable among the class of feasible employment arrangements. More complicated contracts which seem to deal more effectively with turnover issues are either infeasible because of informational requirements or create adverse incentives on some other dimension.
Published Versions
Hall, Robert E. and Edward P. Lazear. "The Excess Sensitivity of Layoffs and Quits to Demand." Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 2, No. 2, (April 1984), 233-257. citation courtesy of